Skip to main content

Main menu

  • Home
  • Content
    • Current
    • Archive
  • Info for
    • Authors
    • Subscribers
    • Institutions
    • Advertisers
  • About Us
    • About Us
    • Editorial Board
  • Connect
    • Feedback
    • Help
  • Alerts
  • Free Issue
  • ASLA Research Grant
  • Other Publications
    • UWP
    • Ecological Restoration
    • Land Economics
    • Native Plants Journal

User menu

  • Register
  • Subscribe
  • My alerts
  • Log in
  • My Cart

Search

  • Advanced search
Landscape Journal
  • Other Publications
    • UWP
    • Ecological Restoration
    • Land Economics
    • Native Plants Journal
  • Register
  • Subscribe
  • My alerts
  • Log in
  • My Cart
Landscape Journal

Advanced Search

  • Home
  • Content
    • Current
    • Archive
  • Info for
    • Authors
    • Subscribers
    • Institutions
    • Advertisers
  • About Us
    • About Us
    • Editorial Board
  • Connect
    • Feedback
    • Help
  • Alerts
  • Free Issue
  • ASLA Research Grant
  • Follow uwp on Twitter
  • Visit uwp on Facebook
Research ArticlePeer-Reviewed Articles

New Urbanism and the Hazard Transect Overlay District: Improving the Integration of Disaster Resilience and Design in Coastal Areas

Gavin Smith, Allison Anderson and David Perkes
Landscape Journal, January 2021, 40 (1) 35-47; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3368/lj.40.1.35
Gavin Smith
Gavin Smith is Professor in the Department of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning at North Carolina State University. His research focuses on hazard mitigation, disaster recovery, and climate change adaptation and the integration of research and practice through deep community engagement. He has written the text Planning for Post-Disaster Recovery: A Review of the United States Disaster Assistance Framework () and served as the coeditor of Adapting to Climate Chance: Lessons from Natural Hazards Planning () as well as writing numerous peer-reviewed journal articles, book chapters, and practice-oriented reports.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Allison Anderson
Allison Anderson is an architect who leads the firm unabridged Architecture, which has established a practice dedicated to civic and sustainable design within fragile coastal environments. Allison earned a master’s of architecture degree from the University of Texas, where she was awarded the President’s Fellowship, and a bachelor’s of architecture degree from the University of Southern California. She has been a licensed architect since 1991. Allison has taught architecture at the University of Texas and Louisiana State University and was the Favrot Visiting Chair in Architecture at Tulane University.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
David Perkes
David Perkes is an architect and Professor at Mississippi State University. He is the founding director of the Gulf Coast Community Design Studio, a professional outreach program of the College of Architecture, Art & Design that was established after Hurricane Katrina to provide planning and architectural design support to help rebuild the Mississippi Gulf Coast.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • References
  • PDF
Loading

REFERENCES

  1. ↵
    1. Al, S.
    (2018). Adapting cities to sea level rise: Green and gray strategies. Island Press.
  2. ↵
    1. Arnstein, S.
    (1969). Ladder of citizen participation. Journal of American Institute of Planners, 35, 216–224.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  3. ↵
    1. Berke P.,
    2. Song Y., &
    3. Stevens, M.
    (2009a) Smart developments in dangerous locations: A reality check of existing New Urbanist developments. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters, 27, 1–24.
    OpenUrl
  4. ↵
    1. Berke, P.,
    2. Song, Y., &
    3. Stevens, M.
    (2009b). Integrating hazard mitigation into new urban and conventional developments. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 28 (4), 441–455.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  5. ↵
    1. Bond, S., &
    2. Thompson-Fawcett, M.
    (2007). Public participation and new urbanism: A conflicting agenda? Planning Theory and Practice, 8(4), 449–472.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  6. ↵
    1. Bunster-Ossa, I. F.
    (2014). Reconsidering Ian McHarg. American Planning Association Planners Press.
  7. ↵
    1. Burby, R. J.
    (1998). Cooperating with nature: Confronting natural hazards with land-use planning for sustainable communities. Joseph Henry Press.
  8. ↵
    1. Burby, R. J.
    (2006). Hurricane Katrina and the paradoxes of government disaster policy: Bringing about wise governmental decisions for hazardous areas. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 64(May), 171–191.
    OpenUrl
  9. ↵
    1. Calthorpe, P. &
    2. Fulton, W.
    (2001). The regional city. Island Press.
  10. ↵
    1. Campanella, T. J.
    (2006). Urban resilience and the recovery of New Orleans. Journal of the American Planning Association, 72 (2), 141–146.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  11. ↵
    1. Climate Central
    . (2019). Ocean at the door: New homes and the rising sea. Climate Central.
  12. ↵
    1. Congress for the New Urbanism
    . (2000). Charter of the new urbanism. McGraw-Hill.
  13. ↵
    1. Congress for the New Urbanism
    . (2004). Codifying new urbanism: How to reform municipal land development regulations. Planning Advisory Service Report Number 526. American Planning Association.
  14. ↵
    1. Dreiling, M.
    (2019). Fire mitigation in the wildland urban interface. Smartcode module. Center for Applied Transect Studies. https://transect.org/modules.html
  15. ↵
    1. Dresback, K. M.,
    2. Fleming, J. G.,
    3. Blanton, B. O.,
    4. Kaiser, C.,
    5. Gourley, J. J.,
    6. Tromble, E. M.,
    7. Luettich, R. A. Jr.,
    8. Kolar, R. L.,
    9. Hong, Y.,
    10. Van Cooten, S.
    11. Vergara, H. J.,
    12. Flamig, Z. L.
    13. Lander, H. M.,
    14. Kelleher, K. E., &
    15. Neumunatis-Monroe, K. L.
    (2011). Skill assessment of a real-time forecast system utilizing a coupled hydrologic and coastal hydrodynamic modeling during Hurricane Irene. Continental Shelf Research, 71(2013), 78–94.
    OpenUrl
  16. ↵
    1. Duany, A., &
    2. Plater-Zyberk, E.
    (1991). Towns and townmaking principles. Rizzoli.
  17. ↵
    1. Duany, A., &
    2. Plater-Zyberk, E.
    (2009). SmartCode Version 9.2. Duany Plater-Zyberk & Company.
  18. ↵
    1. Duany, A.,
    2. Plater-Zyberk, E., &
    3. Speck, J.
    (2000). Suburban nation: The rise of sprawl and the decline of the American dream. North Point Press.
  19. ↵
    1. Duany Plater-Zyberk & Company
    . (2008). SmartCode v 9.0. Duany Plater-Zyberk & Company.
  20. ↵
    1. Duany, A., &
    2. Talen, E
    . (2002). Transect planning. Journal of the American Planning Association, 68(3), 245–266.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  21. ↵
    1. Evans-Cowley, J. S. &
    2. Gough, M. Z.
    (2007). Is hazard mitigation being incorporated into post-Katrina plans in Mississippi? International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters, 25(3), 177–217.
    OpenUrl
  22. ↵
    1. Evans-Cowley, J. S. &
    2. Gough, M. Z.
    (2009). Evaluating new urbanist planning in post-disaster Mississippi. Journal of Urban Design, 14(4), 439–461.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  23. ↵
    1. Federal Emergency Management Agency
    . (2018). Mitigation ideas. Federal Emergency Management Agency.
  24. ↵
    1. Federal Emergency Management Agency
    . (2020). Mitigation action portfolio. Federal Emergency Management Agency.
  25. ↵
    1. Gall, M.,
    2. Borden, K. A.,
    3. Emrich, C. T., &
    4. Cutter, S.
    (2011). The unsustainable trend of natural hazard losses in the United States. Sustainability, 3, 2157–2181.
    OpenUrl
  26. ↵
    1. Ganapati, N. E., &
    2. Ganapati, S.
    (2009). Enabling participatory planning after disasters. Journal of the American Planning Association, 75(1), 41–59.
    OpenUrl
  27. ↵
    1. Glavovic, B., &
    2. Smith, G.
    (2014). Adapting to climate change: Lessons from natural hazards planning. Springer.
  28. ↵
    1. Godschalk, D. R.
    (2003). Urban hazard mitigation: Creating resilient cities. Natural Hazards Review, 4(3), 136–142.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  29. ↵
    1. Godschalk, D. R.,
    2. Brody, S. &
    3. Burby, R. J.
    (2003). Public participation in natural hazard mitigation policy formulation: Challenges for comprehensive planning. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 46(5), 733–754.
    OpenUrl
  30. ↵
    1. Grannis, J.
    (2011). Adaptation tool kit: Sea-level rise and coastal land use. Georgetown Climate Center.
  31. ↵
    1. Grannis, J.,
    2. Arroy, V.,
    3. Hoverter, S.,
    4. Goetz, M.,
    5. Bennett, A.,
    6. DeWeese, J.,
    7. Zyla, K. &
    8. Deas, M.
    (2016). Rebuilding with resilience lessons from the Rebuild by Design competition after Hurricane Sandy. Georgetown Climate Center.
  32. ↵
    1. Hino, M.,
    2. Field, C. B., &
    3. Mach, K. J.
    (2017). Managed retreat as a response to natural hazards risk. Nature Climate Change, 7, 364–370.
    OpenUrl
  33. ↵
    1. Innes, J., &
    2. Booher, D.
    (1999). Consensus building and complex adaptive systems: A framework for evaluating collaborative planning. Journal of the American Planning Association, 65(4), 412–423.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  34. ↵
    1. Innes, J., &
    2. Booher, D.
    (2003). Collaborative policymaking: Governance through dialogue. In M. A. Hajer & H. Wagenarr (Eds.), Deliberative policy analysis: Understanding governance in a network society, pp. 33–59. Cambridge University Press.
  35. ↵
    1. Innes, J., &
    2. Booher, D.
    (2004). Reframing public participation: Strategies for the 21st century. Planning Theory and Practice, 5(4), 419–436.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  36. ↵
    1. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
    . (2012). Managing the risks of extreme events and disasters to advance climate change adaptation (SREX). A special report of Working Groups I and II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press.
  37. ↵
    1. Jackson, K.
    (1985). Crabgrass frontier: The suburbanization of the United States. Oxford University Press.
  38. ↵
    1. Jerolleman, A., &
    2. Kieffer, J. J.
    (2013). Natural hazard mitigation. CRC Press.
  39. ↵
    1. Johnson, L. A., &
    2. Olshansky, R. B.
    (2017). After great disasters: How six countries managed community recovery. Lincoln Institute of Land Policy.
  40. ↵
    1. Katz, P.
    (1994). The new urbanism: Toward an architecture of community. McGraw-Hill.
  41. ↵
    1. Klein, R. J. T.,
    2. Nicholls, R. J.,
    3. Ragoonaden, S.,
    4. Capobianco, M.,
    5. Aston, J.,
    6. Buckly, E. W.
    (2001). Technological options for adaptation to climate change in coastal areas. Journal of Coastal Management, 17(3), 531–543.
    OpenUrl
  42. ↵
    1. Kunreuther, H., &
    2. Michel-Kerjan, E.
    (2011). At war with the weather: Managing large-scale risks in a new era of catastrophes. MIT Press.
    1. Kuntsler, J. H.
    (1993). The geography of nowhere: The rise and decline of America’s man-made landscape. Simon and Schuster.
  43. ↵
    1. Landscape Architecture Foundation
    . (2016). The new landscape declaration. Landscape Architecture Foundation.
  44. ↵
    1. Mach, K. J.,
    2. Kraan, C. M.,
    3. Hino, M.,
    4. Siders A. R.,
    5. Johnston, E. M., &
    6. Field, C. B.
    (2019). Managed retreat through voluntary buyouts of flood-prone properties. Science Advances, 5(10), 1–9.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  45. ↵
    1. McHarg, I.
    (1969). Design with nature. John Wiley & Sons.
  46. ↵
    1. Meck, S.
    (2002). Growing smart legislative handbook: Model statutes for planning and the management of change. American Planning Association Press.
  47. ↵
    1. Mileti, D.
    (1999). Disasters by design: A reassessment of natural hazards in the United States. Joseph Henry Press.
  48. ↵
    1. National Climate Data Center
    . (2012). Billion dollar U.S. weather/climate disasters. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/reports/billions.html
  49. ↵
    1. National Research Council of the National Academies
    . (1991). Reducing the impacts of natural disasters. National Academies Press.
  50. ↵
    1. National Research Council of the National Academies
    . (2006). Facing hazards and disasters: Understanding human dimensions. National Academies Press.
  51. ↵
    1. National Research Council for the National Academies
    . (2010). Adapting to the impacts of climate change. National Academies Press.
  52. ↵
    1. National Research Council of the National Academies
    . (2012). Disaster resilience: A national imperative. National Academies Press.
  53. ↵
    1. National Research Council of the National Academies
    . (2014). Reducing coastal risk on the east and Gulf coasts. National Academies Press.
  54. ↵
    1. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
    . (2018). U.S. billion-dollar weather and climate disasters. NOAA. https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/billions/
  55. ↵
    1. Nolon, J. R., &
    2. Salkin, P. E.
    (2006). Land use in a nut shell. Thompson/West.
    1. Nordenson, C. S.,
    2. Nordenson, G., &
    3. Chapman, J.
    (2018). Structures of coastal resilience. Island Press.
  56. ↵
    1. Norfolk, Virginia
    . (2018). ZoneNorfolk: Building a better Norfolk. Norfolk, VA.
  57. ↵
    1. Olshansky, R. B.
    (2006). Planning after Hurricane Katrina. Journal of the American Planning Association, 72(2), 147–153.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  58. ↵
    1. Olshansky, R.,
    2. Hopkins, L., &
    3. Johnson, L.
    (2012). Disaster and recovery: Processes compressed in time. Natural Hazards Review, 13(3), 173–178.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  59. ↵
    1. Ovink, H., &
    2. Boeijenga, J.
    (2018). Too big. Rebuild by design: A transformative approach to climate change. Nai010 Publishers.
  60. ↵
    1. Schwab, James C.
    (2010). Hazard mitigation: Integrating best practices into planning. Planning Advisory Service Report Number 560. American Planning Association.
  61. ↵
    1. Schwab, J. C.,
    2. Boyd, A.,
    3. Hokanson, J. B.,
    4. Johnson, L., &
    5. Topping, K.
    (2014). Planning for post-disaster recovery: Next generation. Planning Advisory Service Report Number 576. American Planning Association.
  62. ↵
    1. Sizemore, S. G.
    (2006). Innovations in local zoning regulations. In Planning and urban design standards, pp. 601–603. American Planning Association.
  63. ↵
    1. Smith, G.
    (2011). Planning for post-disaster recovery: A review of the United States disaster assistance framework. Island Press.
    1. Smith, G.
    (2014). Disaster recovery in coastal Mississippi, USA: Lesson drawing from Hurricane Camille and Katrina. In B. Glavovic and G. Smith (Eds.), Adapting to climate change: Lessons from natural hazards planning, pp. 339–367. Springer.
    1. Spirn, A. W.
    (1984). The granite garden: Urban nature and human design. Basic Books.
  64. ↵
    1. Stevens, M.
    (2010). Implementing natural hazard mitigation provisions: Exploring the role that individual land use planners can play. Journal of Planning Literature, 24(4), 362–371.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  65. ↵
    1. Stevens, M.,
    2. Berke, P., &
    3. Song, Y.
    (2008). Protecting people and property: The influence of land-use planners on flood hazard mitigation in new urbanist developments. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 51(6), 737–757.
    OpenUrl
  66. ↵
    1. Stevens, M.,
    2. Berke, P. &
    3. Song, Yan
    . (2010). Creating disasterresilient communities: Evaluating the promise and performance of new urbanism. Landscape and Urban Planning, 94, 105–115.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  67. ↵
    1. Stevens, M.,
    2. Song, Y., &
    3. Berke, P.
    (2010). New urbanist developments in flood-prone areas: Safe development, or safe development paradox? Natural Hazards, 53, 605–629.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  68. ↵
    1. Swope, C.
    (2006, September). Mississippi’s new urbanist odyssey. Governing, 19(12), 36–43.
    OpenUrl
  69. ↵
    1. Talen, E.
    (2008). New urbanism, social equity, and the challenge of post-Katrina rebuilding in Mississippi. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 27, 277–293.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  70. ↵
    1. Union of Concerned Scientists
    . (2017). When rising seas hit home: Hard choices for hundreds of U.S. coastal communities. Union of Concerned Scientists.
  71. ↵
    1. Union of Concerned Scientists
    . (2018). Underwater: Rising seas, chronic floods, and the implications for U.S. coastal real estate. Union of Concerned Scientists.
  72. ↵
    1. Wamsler, C.
    (2014). Cities, disaster risk and adaptation. Routledge.
  73. ↵
    1. Watson, D., &
    2. Adams, M.
    (2011). Design for flooding: Architecture, landscape, and urban design for resilience to climate change. Wiley and Sons.
  74. ↵
    1. Wright, W.
    (2019). Flood hazard mitigation. Smartcode module. Center for Applied Transect Studies. https://transect.org/modules.html
PreviousNext
Back to top

In this issue

Landscape Journal: 40 (1)
Landscape Journal
Vol. 40, Issue 1
1 Jan 2021
  • Table of Contents
  • Table of Contents (PDF)
  • Index by author
  • Back Matter (PDF)
  • Front Matter (PDF)
Print
Download PDF
Article Alerts
Sign In to Email Alerts with your Email Address
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on Landscape Journal.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
New Urbanism and the Hazard Transect Overlay District: Improving the Integration of Disaster Resilience and Design in Coastal Areas
(Your Name) has sent you a message from Landscape Journal
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the Landscape Journal web site.
Citation Tools
New Urbanism and the Hazard Transect Overlay District: Improving the Integration of Disaster Resilience and Design in Coastal Areas
Gavin Smith, Allison Anderson, David Perkes
Landscape Journal Jan 2021, 40 (1) 35-47; DOI: 10.3368/lj.40.1.35

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Share
New Urbanism and the Hazard Transect Overlay District: Improving the Integration of Disaster Resilience and Design in Coastal Areas
Gavin Smith, Allison Anderson, David Perkes
Landscape Journal Jan 2021, 40 (1) 35-47; DOI: 10.3368/lj.40.1.35
Twitter logo Facebook logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One
Bookmark this article

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • INTRODUCTION
    • NEW URBANISM, THE SMART CODE, AND OPPORTUNITIES TO ADVANCE RESILIENCE
    • ADVANCING RESILIENCE THROUGH THE H-TRANSECT OVERLAY DISTRICT
    • APPLYING THE H-TRANSECT OVERLAY DISTRICT IN THE COASTAL ZONE
    • RECOMMENDATIONS AND NEXT STEPS
    • CONCLUSIONS
    • AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS
    • PEER REVIEW STATEMENT
    • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
    • REFERENCES
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • References
  • PDF

Related Articles

  • No related articles found.
  • Google Scholar

Cited By...

  • No citing articles found.
  • Google Scholar

More in this TOC Section

  • Zoning: A Prospective Instrument of Climate Adaptation
  • Gestures in Stone: Pilgrims and the Vernacular Landscape of the Camino de Santiago de Compostela
  • Students’ Perceptions of Campus Green Open Space Patronage in a Nigerian University
Show more Peer-Reviewed Articles

Similar Articles

Keywords

  • Hazard mitigation
  • climate change adaptation
  • protect/accommodate
  • managed retreat/avoidance
UW Press logo

© 2025 Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System

Powered by HighWire