Table 4.

List of Most Frequent Keywords of the 20 Topics (Overall Agreement = 92%)

Manual classification results	LDA Coding Results (%)
Manual classification results	T3	T19	T4	T13	T5	T18	T6	T1	T17	T15	T2O	T9	T7	T8	T2	T11	T10	T12	T14	T16
Topic 3 Climate Change	100	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Topic 19 Community Engagement	0	84	0	0	0	0	0	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	4	0	4
Topic 4 Design Pedagogy & Curriculum	3	0	87	3	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Topic 13 Design Theory	0	0	0	95	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0
Topic 5 Ecosystem Services & Management	0	0	0	0	88	0	0	0	0	0	0	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	6	0
Topic 18 Environment & Public Health	0	3	0	0	0	90	0	0	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	0	3	0
Topic 6 Garden & Planting Design	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Topic 1 Historical & Cultural Landscapes	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	86	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5
Topic 17 Human Preference & Behavior	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	92	0	0	0	0	0	8	0	0	0	0	0
Topic 15 Hydrology & Stormwater	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Topic 20 International & Vernacular Landscapes	0	0	0	4	0	0	4	0	0	0	88	0	0	0	0	0	4	0	0	0
Topic 9 Land Development & Reuse	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	0	0	0	0	86	0	0	4	0	0	0	7	0
Topic 7 Landscape Performance	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	6	6	0	89	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Topic 8 Material & Construction	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
Topic 2 Parks & public space	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	91	0	6	0	0	0
Topic 11 Student Learning & Studio Process	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	2	0	92	2	2	0	0
Topic 10 Sustainable Agriculture	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	95	0	5	0
Topic 12 Technology & Digital Tools	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	89	0	11
Topic 14 Urbanism & Urban Design	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	86	0
Topic 16 Visual Communications	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	0	0	0	0	0	93

Note: Numbers in bold show the agreement between the LDA model and the manual classification results for each topic. For example, from the 1st row about Topic 3 Climate Change, 100 of the abstracts manually classified as climate change are also classified as climate change using the LDA model.