Sociodemographic and Firm Characteristics of the Sample of US Landscape Design Firms
| Variable | Sample (n = 225) | Missing |
|---|---|---|
| Gender | 2 (0.9%) | |
| Male | 122 (54.2%) | |
| Female | 84 (37.3%) | |
| Other | 17 (7.6%) | |
| Age | 2 (0.9%) | |
| <30 | 14 (6.2%) | |
| 30–39 | 52 (23.1%) | |
| 40–49 | 53 (23.6%) | |
| 50–59 | 104 (46.2%) | |
| 60+ | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Ethnicity | 4 (1.8%) | |
| White | 187 (83.1%) | |
| Nonwhite | 34 (15.1%) | |
| Highest Education | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Undergraduate Degree in Landscape Architecture | 112 (49.8%) | |
| Graduate Degree in Landscape Architecture | 86 (38.2%) | |
| Undergraduate Degree in a Related Field | 5 (2.2%) | |
| Graduate Degree in a Related Field | 22 (9.8%) | |
| Registered | 1 (0.4%) | |
| Yes | 195 (86.7%) | |
| No | 29 (12.9%) | |
| Unit/Department | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Landscape/Urban Design | 179 (79.6%) | |
| Architecture | 1 (0.4%) | |
| Construction | 2 (0.9%) | |
| Planning | 13 (5.8%) | |
| Other | 30 (13.3%) | |
| Role | 1 (0.4%) | |
| President or Principal | 89 (39.6%) | |
| Associate Principal | 14 (6.2%) | |
| Landscape Architect | 78 (34.7%) | |
| Landscape Designer | 20 (8.9%) | |
| Other | 23 (10.2%) | |
| Duration of Practical Experience | 1 (0.4%) | |
| <5 Years | 21 (9.3%) | |
| 6–10 Years | 26 (11.6%) | |
| 11–15 Years | 33 (14.7%) | |
| 16–20 Years | 31 (13.8%) | |
| 21–25 Years | 26 (11.6%) | |
| 26–30 Years | 16 (7.1%) | |
| 30+ Years | 71 (31.6%) | |
| Current Office Experience | 0 (0.0%) | |
| <5 Years | 79 (35.1%) | |
| 6–10 Years | 49 (21.8%) | |
| 11–15 Years | 28 (12.4%) | |
| 16–20 Years | 24 (10.7%) | |
| 21–25 Years | 17 (7.6%) | |
| 26–30 Years | 11 (4.9%) | |
| 30+ Years | 17 (7.6%) | |
| Employees in Office | 1 (0.4%) | |
| <5 | 60 (26.7%) | |
| 5–10 | 41 (18.2%) | |
| 11–20 | 27 (12.0%) | |
| 21–30 | 25 (11.1%) | |
| 31–40 | 9 (4.0%) | |
| 41–50 | 12 (5.3%) | |
| 51–60 | 7 (3.1%) | |
| 60+ | 43 (19.1%) | |
| Office Years of Operation | 2 (0.9%) | |
| <5 Years | 18 (8.0%) | |
| 5–10 Years | 16 (7.1%) | |
| 11–20 Years | 33 (14.7%) | |
| 21–30 Years | 35 (15.6%) | |
| 31–40 Years | 38 (16.9%) | |
| 40+ Years | 83 (36.9%) | |
| Primary Project Types | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Natural Environment | 70 (31.1%) | |
| Built Environment | 190 (84.4%) | |
| Social Environment | 133 (59.1%) | |
| Cultural or Historical Environment | 69 (30.7%) | |
| Other | 34 (15.1%) | |
| Area of Practice* | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Citywide | 92 (40.9%) | |
| Statewide | 114 (50.7%) | |
| Regional | 130 (57.8%) | |
| National | 69 (30.7%) | |
| International | 35 (15.6%) | |
| Primary Clientele | 3 (1.3%) | |
| Private Sector | 101 (44.9%) | |
| Public Sector | 91 (40.4%) | |
| Other | 30 (13.3%) | |
| Non‐LA Services Offered* | 48 (21.3%) | |
| Civil Engineering | 74 (32.9%) | |
| Architecture | 43 (19.1%) | |
| Interior Design | 29 (12.9%) | |
| Urban Design | 102 (45.3%) | |
| Urban and Regional Planning | 96 (42.7%) | |
| Landscape Management | 34 (15.1%) | |
| Other | 47 (20.9%) | |
| Region | 0 (0.0%) | |
| West | 52 (23.1%) | |
| Midwest | 47 (20.9%) | |
| South | 105 (46.7%) | |
| Northeast | 21 (9.3%) | |
| Division | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Pacific (West) | 25 (11.1%) | |
| Mountain (West) | 27 (12.0%) | |
| West North Central (Midwest) | 12 (5.3%) | |
| East North Central (Midwest) | 35 (15.6%) | |
| West South Central (South) | 30 (13.3%) | |
| East South Central (South) | 17 (7.6%) | |
| South Atlantic (South) | 58 (25.8%) | |
| Middle Atlantic (Northeast) | 11 (4.9%) | |
| New England (Northeast) | 10 (4.4%) | |
Note: * indicates that multiple answers apply.