Table 2.

Data Sources and Measurements

VariableMeasurementSource and ToolsRangeMeanS.D.
1Mean annual peak unit dischargeAverage maximum daily runoff (units in mm) at each USGS gauge station (2014–2016) by water year (natural log‐transformed)USGS gauge stations, SWAT modeling, ArcGIS6.86–8.227.340.20
Average maximum daily runoff (units in mm) at each USGS gauge station (2014–2016), by water year (log‐transformed)USGS gauge stations, SWAT modeling, ArcGIS2.98–3.573.200.08
2PrecipitationMean annual precipitation (units in cm)PRISM data; SWAT modeling, based on climatologically aided interpolation (CAI)125.92–171.19147.1710.10
3SlopeAverage watershed slope (units in percentages)NHDPlus V2; NED; ArcGIS0.09–7.353.411.10
4Soil PermeabilityAverage watershed soil permeability (units in inches per hour)NRCS; ArcGIS0.76–12.482.591.07
5Floodplain AreaArea within the FEMA‐defined 100‐year floodplain (units in percentages)FEMA Flood Map Service Center; ArcGIS0–10025.9028.70
6Natural Drainage DensityRatio of total stream length to basin areaNHD Flowline0–5.171.361.34
7WetlandProportion of wetland (units in percentages)NLDC 2016 codes 90 & 95; ArcGIS0.61–10032.5022.10
8Impervious RateProportion of developed surfaces (units in percentages)NLCD 2016 codes 21, 22, 23,24; ArcGIS0.00–95.904.819.35